• We note that there are slight qualitative differences among

  2020-12-21

  

  We note that there are slight qualitative differences among the similar time-optimal protocols. We attribute this to the challenging nature of our PDE and ODE state constrained optimization problem. While our optimization algorithm was able to converge to local optima in each case, it is likely that

• 69 8 mg A neurotoxic syndrome called Intermediate syndrome h

  2020-12-21

  

  A neurotoxic syndrome called “Intermediate syndrome” has been described after acute cholinergic crisis, which has been interpreted as the result of pre- and postsynaptic disruptions of neuromuscular transmission (Senanayake and Karalliedde, 1987). Other toxic effects with unknown molecular targets h

• br Materials and methods br Results and discussion br Conclu

  2020-12-21

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MEST) (No. 2011-0030635) and the MarineBio Research Program (NRF-C1ABA001-2011-0018561). The Fonta

• Adding MPA or NETA we found no impact on

  2020-12-21

  

  Adding MPA or NETA we found no impact on the estradiol-induced downregulation of serum-stimulated endothelin synthesis in vitro [40]. Progesterone was also able to inhibit the angiotensin II-induced increase in endothelin production [41]. Several clinical studies on the effect of oral or transdermal

• Introduction Ewing sarcomas primitive neuroectodermal tumors

  2020-12-21

  

  Introduction Ewing sarcomas/primitive neuroectodermal tumors (ES/PNETs) are relatively infrequent but the second most common sarcoma of the bone next to osteosarcoma. Nearly 80% of them occur in persons younger than 20years. Most of them arise from the bone, but 10 to 20% of them from soft tissue.

• Molecular imaging that provides a non invasive means

  2020-12-18

  

  Molecular imaging that provides a non-invasive means to visualize and measure a biological process of interest at the molecular and cellular level in living subjects has emerged as a promising approach for in vivo detection of enzyme activity in recent decades [6]. In stavudine to anatomical imagin

• br Oxidoreductase like MEM for prodrug activation

  2020-12-18

  

  Oxidoreductase-like MEM for prodrug activation Future outlook Although MEM-mediated prodrug activation has been performed by different MEMs and prodrugs, and their effectiveness have been proved in vivo, only a few types of MEMs or prodrugs have been explored in prodrug activation until now [2

• The glycolytic pathway is a

  2020-12-18

  

  The glycolytic pathway is a catabolic route that ends with the synthesis of pyruvate (Pyr). In Arabidopsis embryos, the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to Pyr, catalyzed by pyruvate kinase (PK), is mainly located in the plastids [10], [11]. The preceding reaction is catalyzed by enolase (ENO

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion In

  2020-12-18

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In addition, the responses of CYP450s induced by metalaxyl are species-specific in the four cells. For example, metalaxyl lead to induction of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP2B1 in HepG2 cells, CYP1A2 and CYP2B1 in H4IIE cells, CYP1A1 and CYP2B1 in LMH cells

• The UPR is composed of three different pathways that

  2020-12-18

  

  The UPR is composed of three different pathways that fall under the control of three respective ER transmembrane proteins: PERK, IRE1α (inositol-requiring enzyme 1α) and ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6). As a starting signal for the UPR, misfolded proteins induce the release of GRP78 from th

• nitric oxide synthase inhibitors An important role for the p

  2020-12-18

  

  An important role for the precursor molecule of the main EBI2 ligand, 25-OHC, in the inhibition of inflammation was recently shown. 25-OHC was demonstrated to inhibit inflammasome induction in mouse macrophages [28]. Inflammasome assemblies are the sites of caspase 1 activation and lead to the gener

• Autophagy is a degradation pathway existing

  2020-12-18

  

  Autophagy is a degradation pathway existing in all eukaryotic organisms. It is the main system for the degradation of bulk cytoplasmic components in cells (Feng et al., 2014), but it also plays a crucial role in other processes, as immunity (Wileman, 2013), mitochondrial (Dengjel and Abeliovich, 201

• br Acknowledgements This work was supported by National Natu

  2020-12-18

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81400241). Introduction Fluoride, as a member of the halogen group of elements, naturally existed in water, soil, animals, and plants around the world (Singh et al., 2018), and it is present in trace

• br Localization of D receptors in striatum One

  2020-12-18

  

  Localization of D2 receptors in striatum One characteristic of D2Rs that has complicated their study is their expression in multiple neuronal populations within striatum, both pre- and postsynaptically (Beaulieu and Gainetdinov, 2011). In addition to spiny projection neurons (SPNs), which are the

• Verapamil a calcium channel blocker used

  2020-12-18

  

  Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker used clinically as a coronary vasodilator, was amongst the first compounds identified that could reverse MDR and potentiate the effects of MDR1 substrates such as vincristine [15], [16]. Verapamil, along with a number of other MDR1 blockers, have proved largely u

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