• Histamine which was used as the

  2022-10-10

  

  Histamine, which was used as the agonist, had low potencies in our functional experiments when compared to its affinity from binding studies (e.g. Lim et al., 2005). This phenomenon is related to the fact that the coupling of the presynaptic receptor to the transduction machinery and the final funct

• The more important effect of pitolisant is

  2022-10-10

  

  The more important effect of pitolisant is related to its wake-promoting and arousal activities as a result of enhanced dmh express release in animal models (Ligneau, Perrin, et al., 2007). Moreover, its potential in the treatment of severe excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in narcoleptic teenager

• Hippo signaling is unique in that it does not

  2022-10-10

  

  Hippo signaling is unique in that it does not possess a cognate ligand and receptor system. Instead, numerous upstream sensors that monitor cell morphology, cell polarity, cell-cell contact, and mechanical stress impinge onto the Hippo pathway core kinases, MST, and LATS. This in turn indicates the

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We thank P Adler

  2022-10-10

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We thank P. Adler, V. Riechmann, N. Tapon, E. Knust, the Vienna Drosophila RNAi Center, the Australian Drosophila Research Support Facility (www.ozdros.com), the Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, and the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank for D. melanogaster s

• br Conflict of interest br

  2022-10-10

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgments We thank Professor Chen Rui (Southeast University, China) for providing plasmid P1P2N-HIF1. This study was supported by research grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (81573189, 81730087). Introduction The consumption of large amounts

• Hypoxia HIF and Inflammation Cellular responses to hypoxia

  2022-10-10

  

  Hypoxia, HIF, and Inflammation Cellular responses to hypoxia are essential for life and are now recognized to be dysregulated in a wide range of disease processes. The key players in these pathways are a family of transcription factors, the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs; see Glossary), as well as

• Sennoside A mg Thus regardless of its specific function PTC

  2022-10-10

  

  Thus, regardless of its specific function, PTC52 is associated with plastid activity. During arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, elongated plastids, which are interconnected through thin, tubular plastid projections called stromules, proliferate in arbuscule-containing root cortex cells (Fester et al.

• br Authors contribution br Funding

  2022-10-10

  

  Authors' contribution Funding sources This study was supported by CDC intramural funding. Publication costs are funded by an internal program of CDC. MAT was supported by funds from the Association of Public Health Laboratories and CDC (APHL–CDC) Bioinformatics Fellowship Program. Competing

• Interestingly studies from Sahai and colleagues in cancer as

  2022-10-10

  

  Interestingly, studies from Sahai and colleagues in cancer-associated fibroblasts have revealed that YAP is required for the acquirement of a stiff ECM in the tumor microenvironment (Calvo et al., 2013). Subsequently, this stiffening of the matrix can activate YAP, thus creating a feed-forward loop.

• Another important question is what ligand s bind

  2022-10-10

  

  Another important question is what ligand(s) bind to GPR84 in vivo? Previous studies have identified medium-chain FFAs of 9 to 14 carbons in length and two other organic molecules (6-n-octylaminouracil and 3,3′-diindolylmethane) as agonists of GPR84 in vitro (Wang et al., 2006, Suzuki et al., 2013).

• It is well known that O tetradecanoylphorbol acetate TPA

  2022-10-10

  

  It is well known that 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is a tumor promoting agent of skin carcinogenesis in rodents [12]. TPA stimulates a variety of cellular functions in cancer cells, including cell motile activity [13], [14]. In our recent study, when liver epithelial cells were treated

• GANT 58 receptor In conclusion the present study demonstrate

  2022-10-10

  

  In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that peripheral nerve exposure to HIV gp120 increased the expression levels of the P2Y12 receptor in DRG SGCs and enhanced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in rat models. Up-regulation of the P2Y12 receptor in DRG SGCs further promoted the release of

• br Introduction Glucagon is a peptide hormone

  2022-10-09

  

  Introduction Glucagon is a peptide hormone that acts to increase blood glucose levels. The secretion of glucagon from the alpha M344 of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas is increased during fasting and prevents hypoglycemia. Glucagon increases glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis and thereb

• In this study it was demonstrated that also in mice

  2022-10-08

  

  In this study it was demonstrated that also in mice chronically exposed to CS, lung inflammation persists after SC and is associated with a progressive alveolar loss and remodeling of respiratory tract, characterized by the onset of bronchial and bronchiolar GCM and peribronchiolar fibrosis. Persist

• FPR activation stimulates multiple signal transduction pathw

  2022-10-08

  

  FPR1 activation stimulates multiple signal transduction pathways responsible for various neutrophil functions, such as adhesion, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, BLZ945 of secretory granules, and superoxide anion radical (O2) production, which contribute to the physiological inflammatory response associat

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